Surface tension (γ)
Definition
The energy per unit area of a liquid interface. It dominates microscale behaviour, driving capillary filling and droplet formation.
Explanation
Surface tension γ is the energy per unit area of a liquid interface; it acts to minimise interfacial area.
At the microscale it dominates gravity, driving capillary filling of channels and holding droplets together — the basis of droplet microfluidics and paper devices.
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